Performance of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) in Calabar, Nigeria as influenced by lime and zinc fertilizer application
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Abstract
A field experiment was conducted in the 2018 early cropping season at the University of Calabar Crop Teaching and Research Farm, to determine the optimum rates of liming and zinc fertilizer for optimum vegetative growth and grain yield of Bambara groundnut in Calabar. The experimental design was a 3 x 4 factorial combination fitted into a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three levels (0, 5, 10 tonnes per hectare) of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) as liming material and four levels (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg/ha) of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) fertilizer, totaling twelve treatment combinations replicated three times to give a total of 36 treatment units. Crop growth indices and grain yield data were collected and analyzed using two-way analysis of variance. Significant means were compared using Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (FLSD) at 5% level of probability. Results obtained indicated that all the zinc rates showed phytotoxicity and had negative effect on all parameters assessed, indicating that they were too high for the crop. However, the crop growth and yield parameters were significantly (P > 0.05) improved by liming irrespective of the rate applied. Liming at 10 tonnes of CaCO3/ha produced the best results on the vegetative growth and yield. The highest stover yield of 72.55 kg/ha and highest 100 seed weight of 72.08 g were obtained. This observation indicates that liming the soil with 10 tonnes of CaCO3/ha without zinc fertilizer is adequate for increased productivity of nutritious Bambara groundnut in the study area.
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