Synergistic effects of 2, 4-epibrassinolide and NPK fertilizer on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) growth and nutrient use efficiency in South-Eastern
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Tropical soils under high annual precipitation are often characterized by low pH, which is detrimental to crop growth. Here, we explored the optimum rate of NPK fertilizer to combine with 2,4-epibrassinolide (BR) to maximize yield, and nutrient use efficiencies (NUE) of okra on an acidic soil derived from coastal plain sands. Two BR levels [with (BR1) and without (BR0)] were studied at four NPK rates [0 kg/ha (control), 100 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha and 300 kg/ha].Soil pH, organic matter content, TN, and available P varied considerably with NPK rates, with or without BR, with the highest levels under 300 kg/ha. With or without BR, plant photosynthetically active radiation, dry matter and fruit yields increased progressively with increasing fertilizer rate. The NUE (agronomic nutrient use efficiency = 11.26 gg-1; physiological nutrient use efficiency = 8.52 g kg-1) at the 100 kg/ha rate was significantly higher than the other rates. Treatment with BR alleviated the inhibition of okra growth under acidic soil by boosting light interception (199.20 μmol m-2s-1) for improved photosynthesis and elevating soil pH for enhanced nutrient uptake. Treatment with BR could induce some tolerance of soil acidity, allowing for reasonable fruit yield up to 100 kg/ha NPK rate.
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