Analysis of Labour Utilization on Cocoa Production in Akamkpa Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study was conducted in Akamkpa Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria to analyse the labour utilization in cocoa production. The major objectives of the study were to; ascertain the socio- economic characteristics of cocoa farmers in the study areas, analyzed the different types of labour utilized by cocoa farmers in the study area, analyzed the different cocoa
production activities carried out by men, women and children and identify the factors influencing the supply of labour among farmers in the study area. A multi-staged sampling technique was used to select 150 respondents for the study. The data generated from the questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, percentages and means. The
results showed that a higher proportion, 86.0% of the farmers were males, a higher proportion, (46.6%) of the farmers were between the ages of 51-60years, majority (66.7%) were married and 53.3% of the farmers had no formal education. Results also showed that share cropping was the most utilized form of labour for cocoa production with the mean of (3.48). Also, most of the strenuous task in cocoa production were carried out by men such as nursery site preparation, (80%) clearing of planting site (80%), etc. Results also showed that among the factors influencing the supply of farm labour, labour payments ranked 1st with a mean of 3.5. The study therefore recommended that there should be increase in farm wages to make up for the poor labour remuneration.
Downloads
Article Details
Issue
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
Abdulrahman A. & Yahaya, A. (2009)."Resources Use Efficiency of Vegetable Production in Kashina State, Nigeria.Agricultural Society of Nigeria. Proceedings of the 43" Annual Conference held at Abuja, October 20-33, 2009, pp. 270.
Adams, O. K. &Quadri, A. (2016).Assessment of the relevance and utilization of ICTs increasing production among cocoa farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria.International Journal of Scientific andEngineering Research, 7(11), 14-16.
Akani, K. A. & Dada, A. O. (2012).Analysis of labour-use pattern among small holder cocoa farmers in South Western Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology B2, 107-113.
Baffoe-Asari, R., Darquah, J. B. &Freempong, F. A.(2013). Socio-economic Factors influencing the adoption of codapec and cocoa high technologies among small holder cocoa farmers in Central region of Ghana. American Journal of experimental Agriculture, 3(2), 277-292.
Daramola, A. G., Fuwape, L. A., Ofuya, T. 1, Okunlola, L. O. &Olalya, A. Ο. (2003). Evaluation of Sustainable options for rehabilitation for small-holder Nigeria Farmers Sustainable and comparative cocoa system in Africa, Retrieved January 2023 from
www.krepublishers.com/dosumal/JHE Socio-economee varaibles.pdf
Ebuwore, S. O. &Emuh, F. N. (2013). Cocoa farmers access to agricultural information and cultural practices in Edo State. International Journal of Agricultural and Rural Development, 16(1), 1409-1414
Echiebiri, R. N. &Mbasor, J. A. (2023). "Rural age distribution and farm supply in food crop productionsystems in Abia State, Nigeria". Tropical and Subtropical Agro-ecosystems, 2:129-136.
Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) (2020). Extension and Advisory services: at the frontline of the response to covid-19 to ensure food security. Rome https@shes.org/10-4060/c8710en.
Gill, G. 1. (2010). Seasonality and Agriculture in the Developing World: A Problem of the Powerful and the powerless. Cambridge University Press pp. 17-21.
International Labour Organization (ILO). Every Child Counts: New Global Estimates on child Labour. ILO Report 23. Geneva: ILO, 2022.
Inusa, I. B. U., Daniel, P. C. Dayagal, D. F &Chiya, N. S. (2018). Nigerian Economic growth and recovery. Role of Agriculture.International Journal International Labour Organization (ILO). Every Child Counts: New Global Estimates on child Labour. ILO
Report 23. Geneva: ILO, 2022.
Inusa, I. B. U., Daniel, P. C. Dayagal, D. F & Chiya, N. S. (2018). Nigerian Economic growth and recovery.Role of Agriculture. International Journal of Economics and Management Science, 7(2), 1-3.
Job, N. N., Halima, S. &Busayo, V. O (2015).Socio-economic factor affecting adoption of innovations by cocoa farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria. European Journal of Business Economics and Accountancy. 3(7), 271-278
Lenzen, M., Li, M., Malik, A., Pomponi, F., Sun, Y. Y., Wiedmann, T., Faturay, F., Fry, 1, Gallego, B.& Beschke, A. (2020). Global Socio-economic losses and environmental gains from coronavirus pandemic.PloS ONE, 15.
Makarau, S. B., Gaba, O. A., Wamagi, 1. T. & Ayuba, D. (2013). "Farmers constraints to vegetables production in Jaba Local Government Area of Kadana State, Nigeria. Unique Research Journal of Agriculture Sciences, 1(4), 063-069.
Ministry of Agriculture and National Resources (MANR) (2008).report on cocoa in Cross River State of Nigeria. Calabar, Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources.
NPC 2006. National population census Nigeria.
Nwaobiala, C. U., Ndukwe, I. & Ekumankama, O. (2016). Assessment of training needs of cocoa farmers in Bende local Government Area of Abia State, Nigeria. Journal of Research and Development, 6(3), 36-38
Nmandu, O. S. & Akinola, B. F. (2015).Determinants of labour demand among cocoa farmers in Nigeria. World Journal of Agricultural Science, 6(5), 618-621
Ogunlele, Y. 1. & Mukhtar, A. A. (2009). Gender Issues in Agriculture and rural development in Nigeria: The role of women. Humanity and Social Sciences Journal, 4(1), 19-30.
Olujide, M. G. &Adeogun, S. O. (2015). Assessment of cocoa grower farm management practices in Ondo State, Nigeria. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 4(2), 123-179.
Oluyole, K. A., Dada, O. A., Oni, O. A., Adebiyi, S. & Oduwolo, O. O. (2013).Farm Labour Structure and its determinant among cocoa farmers in Nigeria.American Journal of Rural Development, 1(1), 1-5.