Dietary effect of cocoa pod husk meal on organ histology and protein concentrations in brain regions of rabbits
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Abstract
Cocoa pod husks contain anti-nutrients that could cause digestive and nervous disorders in farm animals. The pod husks could pollute the environment if not properly handled; however, they can be treated and processed for livestock feeding. Therefore, this study evaluated the
effect of dietary cocoa pod husk meal (CPHM) on the histology of internal organs and protein concentrations in brain regions of rabbits. Sixty rabbits (mixed breeds) with mean body weight (606.42 ± 1.30 g/rabbit) were used. Twelve iso-caloric (2500.12 Kcal/kg ME) and iso-nitrogenous (16.05% CP) diets were formulated. The dietary treatments contained sundried, fermented and hot –water treated CPHM each at 0, 12.5, 25 and 37.5% levels, respectively
with the 0% serving as control. The rabbits were randomly distributed to the diets using a completely randomized design (CRD). The animals were raised to maturity before being sacrificed for histologic examination of kidneys, liver and testes. Heads of the slaughtered rabbits were severed, brain evacuated and differentiated into separate regions for protein concentration determinations. Results showed atrophies on the kidneys, liver and testes as the CPHM inclusion level increases with severe histological distortions occurring in rabbits fed sundried CPHM at 37.5%. The protein concentrations in the brain regions revealed significant (p<0.05) adverse effect on the amygdala, cerebral cortex and medulla oblongata. The study concluded that different forms of CPHM could be included in diets meant for rabbits at levels ≤ 25 %; higher levels will cause serious adverse effects on internal organs and brain function due to the residual theobromine.
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