Analysis of Food Security and Poverty Status of Household in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State, Nigeria
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Abstract
A fundamental challenge the world faces today is ensuring that millions of households living in poverty have access to enough food to maintain a healthy life, information on food security and poverty are not readily available especially in Nigeria. This study analysed food security and poverty status of households in Calabar South and Calabar Municipality in Cross River State Nigeria. The specific objectives were; to determine the food security and poverty status of the households and on gender basis, compare the poverty and security level of households as well as ascertain the coping strategies adopted against food insecurity. Multistage sampling technique
was used in sampling; the data were collected through structured questionnaires. Foster Greer Thorbecke (FGT) and food security index (FSI) were used to analyse poverty and food security status. The results showed that majority (67.9% and 66.7%) of the household heads were males in the study area. The food security index result showed that 55.4% and 70% of the households in Calabar South and Calabar Metropolis respectively were food secured. The poverty index showed that poverty head counts, depth and severity were 0.41, 0.115 and 0.75 and 0.43, 0.14 and 0.59 in Calabar South and Calabar Municipality respectively. While 60% and 44.4% were
male of the household heads that they were food insecure in Calabar South and Calabar Municipality respectively. More so, 60% and 44.4% of the male headed household were food insecured in Calabar South and Calabar Municipality respectively. It also reveals that 39.1% and 53.8% are females while 60.9% and 46.2% are males of the household-heads that are poor in Calabar South and Calabar Municipality. The study therefore recommends that to remedy food security and poverty problem there should be sources of income for both male and female household heads to increase income. There should be interventions both money and food items based on the factors (Household heads, Female household heads) that affected poverty and food security from the results.
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