Pedogenesis in the basement complex lithologies of Northeastern Nigeria as defined by its Inherent morpho-physical and chemical properties
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The study focused on secernating the Basement Complex with particular interest on characterizing the soils Northeastern Nigeria in order to examine their genesis. Previous studies focused on soils developed on the Basement Complex as a unit. The present study therefore emphasizes the study of soils over specific lithologies such as Porphyritic granite (PG), granite-gneiss (GG) and pegmatite (PM. Three profile pits were dug in soils overlying each lithology, resulting in a total of nine soil profile pits. Soil samples were
collected from genetic horizons and used for the study. Morphological, physical and chemical properties of the soils were examined and analyzed (using R packages) to understand their pedogenic differences. A B and C horizons dominated the soils with pedal depths of greater than 100 cm. Bioturbation was evident in the surface soils and increased lessivationin the B horizons. Clay varied strongly with silt (Pr (>F) 0.003815**)
and exchangeable acidity (Pr (>F) 0.01124*) in the soils formed over GG and correlated positively with the silt (r = 0.85***) and exchangeable acidity (r = 0.81***). Observed averages of pH were 6.6, 6.8 and 6.4 for PG, GG and PM, respectively accounting for neutral and slightly acidic soil reactions. Computed means of most soil properties between lithological units were statistically indifferent that the soils are generally similar pedogenically.
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