An Ecotoxicological Evaluation Of Polychlorinated Biphenyls In A Commercially Important Cichlid Fish Species (Oreochromis Niloticus) From Ogba River, Benin City, Nigeria
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Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are hazardous synthetic pollutants that are of relevance in ecotoxicological research. The Ogba River in Benin City, Nigeria, has been under anthropogenic onslaught such as the inflow of the Benin master drainage system and the paucity of PCB data for fish from this river warranted this research. The levels of PCBs in Oreochromis niloticus from the river were determined by Gas Chromatographic (GC) technique in order to ascertain their suitability for human consumption. The PCB profile consisted of both non-ortho PCBs (PCB 126 and PCB 169) and mono-ortho PCBs (PCB 156 and PCB 189). The concentration profile of the identified PCBs was PCB 126 > PCB 169 > PCB 156 > PCB 189. The mean values for PCBs (Mg/kg, wet weight) in O. niloticus ranged from 0.015 (PCB 189) to 0.074 (PCB 126) with a total weight of 0.143 mg/kg. The mean values for PCBs (mg/kg) in fish by station, ranged from 0.012 (PCB 189) at Unegbe to 0.0745 (PCB 126) at the Bridge station with a significant difference (p<0.05) observed in the mean concentrations of PCBs 169 and 156 respectively in fish between stations The hazard quotient (HQ) ranged from 0.0075 (PCB 189) to 0.037 (PCB 126) while a toxic equivalency (TEQ) value of 0.007723 was observed. O. niloticus was observed to be safe for human consumption as it was free from hazardous levels (2 Mg/kg) of PCBs However, continuous monitoring of the Ogba River ecosystem was suggested in other to mitigate the occurrence of PCBs.
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