Classification and fertility status of soils developed from quartz- mica- schists in Biase Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria
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Abstract
Morphological, physicochemical, micronutrients and mineralogical properties of soils derived from Quartz-Mica-Schists in Biase, Cross River State, Nigeria were studied with a view to characterize and classify the soils, assessing their potentials and suggesting appropriate management strategies. Three profiles were dug on the landscapes of Ikot Ana, Akpet and Iwuru Obiontan. The soils were characterized as follows: deep profiles (>100cm) with texture of gravelly sandy clay loam to sandy clay; hues of 10YR – 2.5YR; structure of sub-angular peds with sticky consistence (wet); bulk density values of 1.1 – 1.7 Mgm-3; total porosity of 41.50 – 55.20%; silt-clay ratios of 0.01 – 2. Others were soil reaction pH (H2O) 4.2 – 5.6; organic carbon (1.8 – 23.14 gkg- 1); total nitrogen (0.56 – 1.58 gkg-1); ECEC (1.97 – 8.50 cmolkg-1); CEC (3.70 – 10.0 cmolkg-1); available P (3.27 – 34.65 mgkg-1); base saturation (44 – 47%). Micronutrients: Cu (1.01- 4.08 mgkg-1); Mn (6.08- 78.39 mgkg-1); Zn (6.41- 17.39mgkg-1); Fe (6.93- 23.78 mgkg-1); B (0.14- 0.20mgkg-1) and minerals such as quartz (82.50%), kaolinite (81.32%), muscovite (4.72%), microcline (3.37%) and Sepiolite (1.08%) were observed. According to the criteria of the USDA Soil Taxonomy, the soils were classified as Loamy Skeletal, Mixed IsohyperthermicTypicKandiudults and DystricAcrisols for FAO-World Reference Base for Soil Resources.
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