Bioremediation of palm oil mill effluent (pome) contaminated soil using organic amendments
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Abstract
Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) is a high-strength organic waste that poses significant environmental risks, particularly in regions where untreated discharge into terrestrial ecosystems is common. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of organic waste on bioremediation of POME. The study was a factorial experiment laid out in a completely randomized design, consisting of four treatments and two control (soil only and soil amended with POME) with six replications. Standard dilution methods were used for the isolation of bacteria and fungi. The estimation of colony forming unit per mL (cfu g-1) was assessed using 10-fold serial dilution method. The physiochemical parameters analyzed were pH, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand and total organic content using standard laboratory procedures. The results showed that the pH values of POME treated with organic amendment (6.2) was significantly higher at P˂0.05 than that of unamended POME (5.1). The organic carbon in POME amended with organic waste (1.6 %) was statistically higher at P˂0.05 than that of unamended POME (0.4 %). The BOD of the unamended POME (147.61 mg/kg) was statistically higher at P˂0.05 than combined organic amendment (123.59 mg/kg). The results indicate that combining organic treatments is more effective than single dosage in bioremediation of POME contamination. This study provides critical localized data on POME-induced soil alterations, informing future remediation strategies aimed at sustainable agro-industrial practices. Effective management of POME discharge is essential to safeguard soil health, agricultural productivity, and environmental quality in palm oil-producing regions.
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