DETERMINANTS OF FARM HOUSEHOLDS’ RESILIENCE TO FOOD INSECURITY IN ABEOKUTA, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA
Main Article Content
Abstract
Food insecurity remains a major challenge confronting farm household, particularly in rural areas where livelihoods depend heavily on agriculture. This study examined the determinants of farm households’ resilience to food insecurity, emphasizing that resilience involves not only coping with shocks but also the ability to recover and adapt sustainably. Primary data were collected from a cross-section of 120 farm households, and the analysis explored how socioeconomic, institutional, and livelihood factors influence resilience outcomes. A Tobit regression model was employed to identify the key determinants of resilience. The findings revealed that households adopt various food-based coping strategies, including dietary adjustments and meal reduction, depending on the severity of food insecurity. Several factors were found to significantly enhance resilience. Access to productive assets (β = 0.009, p < 0.01) and social safety nets (β = 0.012, p < 0.05) had strong positive effects, indicating that asset ownership and participation in social protection programs improve households’ ability to absorb and recover from shocks. Education level and income diversification were also positively associated with resilience, suggesting that more educated and economically diversified households are better equipped to manage risks and maintain food security. The constant term (β = 9.371, p < 0.01) reflects a baseline level of resilience among households. Results show that resilience to food insecurity is multidimensional, shaped by material, human, and social capital. The study concludes that strengthening asset ownership, expanding social protection, and promoting education and livelihood diversification are critical for building resilient farm households capable of sustaining food security amid uncertainty. Keywords:
Downloads
Article Details
Issue
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
Adebayo, O. O., Akerele, D., & Ogundari, K. (2020). Determinants of household food security and resilience among farming households in Nigeria. African Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 15(2), 97–112.
Adenegan, K. O., Ajiboye, B. O., & Oladejo, J. A. (2020). Socioeconomic factors influencing smallholder farmers’ productivity in Southwest Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Extension, 24(2), 45– 55.
Adesina, A. A., & Fadare, O. S. (2020). Household characteristics and labor availability in rural Nigeria. International Journal of Agricultural Economics, 5(4), 145–152.
Afolabi, M. O., Alabi, O. O., & Ojo, S. O. (2020). Cooperative societies and rural development in Nigeria: A review. Journal of Cooperative
Studies, 53(3), 12–20.
Aidoo, R., Mensah, J. O., & Tuffour, T. (2013). Determinants of household food security in the Sekyere-Afram Plains District of Ghana. European
Scientific Journal, 9(21), 1–22.
Akinbile, L. A., & Oluwakemi, A. O. (2018). Gender roles and participation in agricultural production in rural Nigeria. African Journal of Gender and Development Studies, 8(1), 32–41.
Akinyele, I. O. (2009). Ensuring food and nutrition security in rural Nigeria: An assessment of the challenges, information needs, and analytical
capacity. Nigeria Strategy Support Program (NSSP) Background Paper 007, IFPRI.
Alinovi, L., D’Errico, M., Mane, E., & Romano, D. (2010). Livelihoods Strategies and Household Resilience to Food Insecurity: An Empirical Analysis in Kenya. FAO, Rome.
Alinovi, L., Mane, E., & Romano, D. (2010). Measuring household resilience to food insecurity: Application to Palestinian households. EC-FAO Food Security Programme.
Amao, J. O., & Awoyemi, T. T. (2018). Coping strategies to household food insecurity among rural farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria. Journal of
Agricultural Extension, 22(3), 56– 65.
Aslam, S. (2022). Measuring household resilience to food insecurity: Application of structural equation modeling. Food Security, 14(3),
657–674.
Babatunde, R. O., Olagunju, F. I., & Ajiboye, A. (2011). Determinants of food security among rural farming households in Nigeria. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 11(1), 1–14.
Barrett, C. B., & Constas, M. A. (2014). Toward a theory of resilience for international development applications. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(40), 14625–14630.
Béné, C., Godfrey-Wood, R., Newsham, A., & Davies, M. (2012). Resilience: New Utopia or New Tyranny? Reflection about the Potentials and Limits of the Concept of Resilience in Relation to Vulnerability Reduction Programmes. IDS Working Paper 405.
Béné, C., Headey, D., Haddad, L., & von Grebmer, K. (2016). Is resilience a useful concept in the context of food security and nutrition programmes? Food Security, 8(1), 123–138.
Bollen, K. A., & Long, J. S. (1993). Testing Structural Equation Models. Sage Publications.
Ciani, F., and Romano, D. (2013). Measuring household resilience to food insecurity: Evidence from Uganda. FAO ESA Working Paper
No. 13-05.
Cissé, J. D., & Barrett, C. B. (2018). Estimating development resilience: A conditional moments-based approach. Journal of Development
Economics, 135, 272–284.
Coates, J., Swindale, A., & Bilinsky, P. (2006). Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) for Measurement of Food Access: Indicator Guide. USAID/FANTA.
Coates, J., Swindale, A., & Bilinsky, P. (2007). Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) for Measurement of Household Food Access: Indicator Guide (v.3).
Washington, D.C.: FANTA Project, USAID.
Constas, M. A., Frankenberger, T. R., & Hoddinott, J. (2014). Resilience Measurement Principles: Toward an Agenda for Measurement Design. Food Security Information Network (FSIN).
Darnhofer, I. (2014). Resilience and why it matters for farm management. European Review of Agricultural Economics, 41(3), 461–484.
Darnhofer, I. (2021). Resilience in farming systems: new perspectives for rural development. European Review of Agricultural Economics, 48(4),
913–935.
Deressa, T. T., Hassan, R. M., Ringler, C., Alemu, T., & Yesuf, M. (2019). Determinants of farmers’ adaptive capacity to climate change in Ethiopia. Global Environmental Change, 19(2), 248–255.
Devereux, S. (2007). Social protection and food security. IDS Bulletin, 38(3), 1–8.
Devereux, S. (2007). The impact of droughts and floods on food security and policy options to alleviate negative effects. Agricultural Economics, 37(s1), 47–58.
Ellis, F. (2000). Rural Livelihoods and Diversity in Developing Countries. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ezeh, C. I., Onyekuru, A. N., & Ukoha, O. O. (2019). Strategies for Agricultural Extension Services Delivery to Farmers in Insecure Areas of Abia State, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Agricultural and Applied Technology, 1, 47-56
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) (2008). An Introduction to the Coping Strategies Index (CSI). Rome: FAO.
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) (2016). Resilience Index Measurement and Analysis (RIMAII): Technical Report. Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) (2018). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018: Building climate resilience for food security and nutrition. Rome: FAO.
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) (2019).
The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2019.
Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) (2020). Social Protection and
Resilience: Supporting Livelihoods in Protracted Crises and Fragile Situations. Rome: FAO.
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) (2021).
World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2021. Rome: FAO.
Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (4th ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Maxwell, D., Ahiadeke, C., Levin, C., Armar-Klemesu, M., Zakariah, S., & Lamptey, G. M. (2008). Alternative food-security indicators: Revisiting the frequency and severity of “coping strategies”. Food Policy, 25(3), 311–331.
Maxwell, D., & Caldwell, R. (2008). The Coping Strategies Index: Field Methods Manual. 2nd ed. CARE/WFP, Nairobi.
Maxwell, D., & Caldwell, R. (2008). The Coping Strategies Index: A tool for rapidly measuring food security and the impact of food aid programs
in emergencies. CARE and WFP.
Ogunniyi, A., Olagunju, K., & Adepoju, A. (2018). Determinants of farm productivity among aging farmers in Nigeria. Cogent Economics and
Finance, 6(1), 1–14.
Ojo, T. O., Adetola, B. O., & Fawole, W. O. (2021). Influence of education on adoption of improved agricultural technologies among farmers in Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Research and Development, 20(2), 67–76.
Oladejo, J. A., Adesope, O. M., & Adetunji, M. O. (2019). Socioeconomic characteristics and livelihood diversification among rural households in Nigeria. Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics, 11(5), 101–110.
Olagunju, K. O., Ogunniyi, A., & Okeowo, T. A. (2020). Determinants of food insecurity and coping strategies among rural households in Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural and Food Economics, 8(2), 33–44.
Olayemi, J. K., Ogunniyi, A. I., & Ojo, O. T. (2022). Climate shocks, adaptation strategies, and food security outcomes among rural households in Nigeria. Sustainability, 14(12), 7025.
Oluwatayo, I. B., & Adedeji, A. (2019). Determinants of productivity among rural farmers in Southwest Nigeria. Journal of Economics and
Sustainable Development, 10(4), 23–31.
Oni, O. A., Yusuf, S. A., and Ogundari, K. (2018). Access to credit and its effect on food security among farming households in Nigeria.
African Journal of Agricultural Research, 13(9), 402–410.
Tambo, J. A., & Abdoulaye, T. (2012). Climate change and agricultural technology adoption: The case of drought-tolerant maize in rural
Nigeria. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 17(3), 277–292.
Tambo, J. A., & Wünscher, T. (2017). Enhancing resilience to climate shocks through farmer innovation: Evidence from northern Ghana.
Regional Environmental Change, 17(5), 1505–1514.
Taruvinga, A., Visser, M., & Zhou, L. (2013). Determinants of rural farmers’ adoption of climate change adaptation strategies in South
Africa. Environmental Economics, 4(2), 7–15.