GROWTH AND YIELD EVALUATION OF SOME WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) CULTIVARS ON POULTRY MANURE-ENRICHED COASTAL PLAIN SOILS
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Abstract
Wheat is a food crop of global significance, but it is not yet a component of the Nigerian cropping system due to ecological and environmental limitations, especially in Southeastern Nigeria. Polybag experiment was conducted to evaluate four spring wheat cultivars (Imam, SC. Sahai, Norman and WZ 272 2015) based on growth and yield attributes on soils derived from coastal plain sands. The four cultivars were arranged in a completely randomized design and replicated nine times to give a total of 36 experimental units. Plant height, number of tillers, number of functional tillers, number of days to heading and yield components were investigated. The cultivars, WZ 273 2015 and Norman were superior (p≤0.05) in plant height, number of tillers and number of functional tillers relative to Imam and SC. Sahai. SC. Sahai cultivar had significantly lesser (46.11) number of days to heading. Although there were no significant differences in grain yield among the cultivars, there was a considerable variation in their yield components. The number of spikelets per main spike and per plant varied significantly (p≤0.05) in the order SC. Sahai (18.30; 23.68,) > Imam (17.08; 21.71) > WZ 273 2015 (14.25; 20.89). The plant dry weight was highest (p≤0.05) in Norman (4.49 g; 0.24 t/ha) than the other cultivars. Overall, Norman, Imam and SC. Sahai significantly had the highest values based on yield components, but Imam was highest (p>0.05) in yield (0.42 tons/ha) while the least was recorded in Norman (0.23 tons/ha) under the humid tropical soil condition.
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