Taxonomic information and land quality assessment of soils of Amaobaime South-eastern Nigeria for sustainable production of yam (Dioscorea spp.)
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Abstract
A field survey, morphological description and laboratory analyzes of the soil samples collected were carried out for land quality assessment of soils of Amaoba-Ime, South-Eastern Nigeria for
sustainable production of yam (Dioscorea spp).Three soil mapping units were identified as 1, 2 and 3. One profile was sited in each of mapping units 1 and 2 while two profile pits were sited in mapping unit 3 due to its large area. Four representative pedons were sited in all, ranging from EA1 – 4) and described in-situ for morphological properties. Soil samples collected were analyzed for physical and chemical properties. The results revealed deep and well drained soils (moist) with friable to firm
consistence.The texture of the surface soil was sandy loam overlying sandy clay loam and sandy clay. The soils were very strongly - strongly acid (4.7 to 5.2). Organic carbon (10.20 to 12.40 gkg-1 ) and available phosphorous contents of the soils (7.1 - 10.4 mgkg-1 ) were considered moderate.
Exchangeable bases were generally low.The cations exchange capacity (CEC)was low with values ranging from 5.40 to 13.80 cmolkg-1 . The weathering potential, assessed by silt/clay ratio (0.57 – 2.05), indicated young soils with high degree of weathering. The soils were TypicHapludult(USDA Soil Taxonomy) and correlated as Haplic Acrisol (World Reference Base system of soil classification). The current suitability assessment of the area ranges between moderate and marginal for yam
production. Optimum performance of yam in the area can be enhanced through continuous
application of organic materials to the soil, improved efficiency of use of mineral fertilizers and use of low levels of chemical inputs.
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