Soil Survey and Land Suitability evaluation for Cocoyam (Xanthosoma Species) and Mungbean (Vigna radiata) at Umuchigbo Iji Nike, Enugu State, Nigeria
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Abstract
The study was conducted to inventorize, a farmland at Umuchigbo IjiNike, Enugu, Southeast, Nigeria and evaluate its suitability for the cultivation of cocoyam (Colocasia species) and mung bean (Vigna radiata). Flexible grid soil survey method was adopted and six
representative pedons excavated in three soil mapping units (UIN I-III). Pedons were described in-situ for morphological attributes and samples collected from the pedogenetic horizons were analyzed for physical and chemical properties. Results showed that UIN I was relatively deep (60–115cm) and moderately drained with sandy clay loam, underlain by clay. However, UIN II and UIN III were moderately deep (60–80cm) and well drained with sandy clay loam and loam overlying clay loam subsoil. The pH (water) ranged from moderately to slightly acidic (5.5–6.3). Organic carbon (2.02–3.49%), total N (0.20–0.28%), available P (36.0-55.3mg/kg) and base saturation (82.6–91.7%) were high whereas, exchangeable bases were low. Two soil classes were identified: Typic Plinthustafs and Typic Plinthusteps (USDA) correlated as Plinthic Lixisols and Plinthic Cambisols (WRB) respectively. Suitability assessment revealed UIN I as marginally suitable (S3t) whereas, UIN II and III were moderately suitable for cocoyam. However, all the units were moderately suitable (S2f) for mung bean cultivation. Identified constraints were low pH, fertility and effective soil depth. Ridging across the slope in UIN I and phosphorous fertilization in UIN II and III would improve cocoyam performance. Adequate drainage of UIN I and liming of the entire site would enhance optimum performance of mung bean.
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